2020考研英語:翻譯??荚~組短語盤點(diǎn)(1)
翻譯題型應(yīng)該是整個(gè)復(fù)習(xí)過程中的一大難點(diǎn)。很多同學(xué)不知道到該如何下手,一直刷題沒有重點(diǎn)也很難取得良好的效果。那是因?yàn)榭佳杏⒄Z翻譯掌握單詞和語法還是不夠的,為了幫助同學(xué)們拿穩(wěn)翻譯分值,下面整理了2020考研英語翻譯常見短語,幫你搞定英語翻譯題。
1.幾個(gè)典型例句
(1) ... not so much...... as (but) ... 與其說……還不如說……
(2) ... not so much that.....as (but) that...... 與其說……還不如說……
(3) ... not so much as..... (=not even) 甚至于不……,連……也不……
(4) ... might as well ... as..... 與其說……還不如說……
例1:He is not so much a teacher as a scholar.
譯文:與其說他是老師,還不如說是學(xué)者。(注意翻譯時(shí)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象)
例2:It wasn"t so much his appearance I liked as his personality.
譯文:與其說我喜歡他的外表,不如說我喜歡他的品格。
例3:It"s not so much that I don"t want to come but I just haven"t got the time.
譯文:倒不是因?yàn)槲也幌雭?,而是我根本沒有時(shí)間。
例4:He didn"t so much as say thank you after all we"d done for him.
譯文:我們?yōu)樗闪四敲炊嗍?,他甚至連謝謝都沒有說一聲。
例5:You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to him.
譯文:與其將錢借給他,還不如把錢丟進(jìn)大海。(注意翻譯時(shí)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象)
[注意]:more ... than ...
1) she is more beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。
2) George is more intelligent than aggressive. 與其說喬治言行放肆,不如說他聰穎過人。
以上第1)句是more... than結(jié)構(gòu)的一般用法,即在兩個(gè)不同的事物之間就同一方面作比較;而第2)句是就同一個(gè)人的兩個(gè)不同方面作比較。因此要譯成“與其說……還不如說……”。
more...than結(jié)構(gòu)在上述1) 2)兩句中的用法也適用于less ... than結(jié)構(gòu),得出相反的含義:
例如:
1) John is less daring than quick-witted. 與其說約翰膽大,不如說他腦子靈活。
2) George was less intelligent than aggressive. 與其說喬治聰穎過人,不如說他言行放肆。
2.幾個(gè)不定代詞的固定搭配:
have none of: 不參加;不準(zhǔn);不接受
I will have none of your stupid ideas! 我才不接受你那愚蠢的想法!
He was offered a job but he said he’d have none of it. 他有一個(gè)工作機(jī)會(huì),但他說他不接受。
none but (=nothing but): 只有 (=only)
None but the brave deserves the fair. 只有英雄才配得上美人。
She chose none but the best. 她只選最好的。
She is nothing but a child. 她只不過是個(gè)孩子。
none other than: (表示驚訝)不是別人,正是…… (= no one else but)
It’s none other than Tom! We thought you were in Africa.
none the +比較級(jí)詞+ for: 毫不,一點(diǎn)也不
He spent 2 weeks in hospital but he’s none the better for it.
他在醫(yī)院里待了兩個(gè)星期,但一點(diǎn)也沒好轉(zhuǎn)。
My car is none the worse for wear. 我的車子一點(diǎn)也沒有損耗。
none the wiser: 不知情
If we take only one piece of cake, mother will be none the wiser.
如果我們只拿一小塊蛋糕,母親是不會(huì)知道的。
none too: (在形容詞或副詞前) 不太;一點(diǎn)都不
The service in this restaurant is none too fast. 這家旅館的服務(wù)一點(diǎn)效率都沒有。
anything but: ①除---之外什么都(此處的but等于except)②決不(=not at all)
I eat anything but (except) fish. 除了魚,我什么都吃。
She is anything but a good cook. 她決不是個(gè)好廚師。(即:除了好廚師,她什么都是。)
anything of: ①(疑問句/條件句)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn);②(否定句)一點(diǎn)也(沒有)
Is he anything of a poet? 他有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)詩人的樣子嗎?
I haven’t seen anything of him lately. 最近我沒有見過他。
for anything: (否定句)(給什么都)不,決不
I won’t go there for anything. 我決不去那里。
or anything: (意味著還有其他的可能性)
If Bernard wants to call me or anything, I’ll be here all day.
如果伯納德要找我或什么的,我整天都會(huì)在這兒。
if anything: 若有任何不同的話
If anything, my new job is harder than my old one.
要說有什么不同的話,我的新工作反而比舊工作要難些。
or something: 或什么的(表示說話者不能肯定)
She is a stewardess or something. 她是空姐或什么的。
something like: 有點(diǎn)像,大約
An airship is shaped something like a cigar. 飛船的形狀有點(diǎn)像雪茄。
something of a...: 多少有點(diǎn),有幾分像,略懂
he’s something of a book collector. 他有幾分像書籍收藏家。
something to / in: (敘述等)有些道理
There’s something to / in what you say; I’ll take your advice.
你說的有些道理,我會(huì)接受你的建議
have / be something to do with: 與……有關(guān)
I think Guy Fawkes had / was something to do with a plan to blow up the bridge.
我想蓋佛克跟圖謀炸毀橋梁有關(guān)。
nothing but (= none but = only): 僅僅,只不過
We could see nothing but fog. 除了霧之外我們什么也看不見。
for nothing: ①免費(fèi)的; ②徒勞的; ③無緣無故的
She got the ticket for nothing. 她免費(fèi)得到那張票。
All our preparation for nothing! No one’s even come to the party.
我們?yōu)檠鐣?huì)所作的準(zhǔn)備都白費(fèi)了! 連一個(gè)人都沒來。
They quarreled for nothing. 他們無緣無故地爭吵。
make nothing of: (常和can一起用)不理解;不重視,輕視 (= think nothing of)
I could make nothing of the passage. 我不理解這篇文章。
He makes / thinks nothing of working ten hours a day. 他不在乎一天工作十小時(shí)。
to say nothing of: 更不用說(= not to mention / without mentioning)
Three people were badly hurt, to say nothing of damage to the building.
三個(gè)人受了重傷,建筑物的損害更不用說了。
have nothing to do with: 與……無關(guān)
I have nothing to do with the accident. 我與這場事故無關(guān)。
nothing if not: 格外地;非常地 (= very / much / extremely)
He was nothing if not clever. (= He was very clever.) 他格外聰明。
nothing of: 無……的部分;無……的氣質(zhì)
There was nothing of the lady in her behavior. 她的舉止根本沒有淑女的氣質(zhì)。
區(qū)別:
all but 幾乎,差一點(diǎn),除……以外其余都是
but for要不是
but that+從句:若不是……
例1:She all but fainted when she heard the news.
譯文:她聽到這一消息時(shí)幾乎暈倒了。
注:此句中a11 but意為nearly,almost。
試對(duì)比:
All but the little children thought that the trip was exciting.
譯文:除了小孩,大家都認(rèn)為這次旅行是激動(dòng)人心的。
此句中all but意為a11 except。
例2:But for the rain we should have a pleasant journey.
譯文:要不是下雨,我們的旅行本來是愉快的。
例3:He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.
譯文:若不是他那時(shí)缺錢,他是會(huì)幫助我們的。
注1).but that引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語用陳述語氣。2).but that有靈活的譯法。如:Nothing would satisfy that child but that I place her on my lap.(那孩子什么都不要,只要我把她抱在懷里。)
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