2014考研英語:答案解析和參考譯文(二)_跨考網
2014考研英語:答案解析和參考譯文(二)
Part A
Directions: Reading the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text 1
In the next century we‘ll be able to alter our DNA radically, encoding our visions and vanities while concocting new life-forms. When Dr. Frankenstein made his monster, he wrestled with the moral issue of whether he should allow it to reproduce,“Had I the right, for my own benefit, to inflict the curse upon everlasting generations?”Will such questions require us to develop new moral philosophies?
Probably not. Instead, we‘ll reach again for a timetested moral concept, one sometimes called the Golden Rule and which Kant, the millennium’s most prudent moralist, conjured up into a categorical imperative: Do unto others as you would have them do unto you; treat each person as an individual rather than as a means to some end.
Under this moral precept we should recoil at human cloning, because it inevitably entails using humans as means to other humans‘ends and valuing them as copies of others we loved or as collections of body parts, not as individuals in their own right. We should also draw a line, however fuzzy, that would permit using genetic engineering to cure diseases and disabilities but not to change the personal attributes that make someone an individual (IQ, physical appearance, gender and sexuality)。
The biotech age will also give us more reason to guard our personal privacy. Aldous Huxley in Brave New World, got it wrong: rather than centralizing power in the hands of the state, DNA technology has empowered individuals and families. But the state will have an important role, making sure that no one, including insurance companies, can look at our genetic data without our permission or use it to discriminate against us.
Then we can get ready for the breakthroughs that could come at the end of the next century and the technology is comparable to mapping our genes: plotting the 10 billion or more neurons of our brain. With that information we might someday be able to create artificial intelligences that think and experience consciousness in ways that are indistinguishable from a human brain. Eventually we might be able to replicate our own minds in a“dryware”machine, so that we could live on without the“wetware”of a biological brain and body. The 20th century‘s revolution in infotechnology will thereby merge with the 21st century’s revolution in biotechnology. But this is science fiction. Let‘s turn the page now and get back to real science.
21.Dr. Frankenstein‘s remarks are mentioned in the text
[A] to give an episode of the DNA technological breakthroughs.
[B] to highlight the importance of a means to some everlasting ends.
[C] to show how he created a new form of life a thousand years ago.
[D] to introduce the topic of moral philosophies incurred in biotechnology.
22.It can be concluded from the text that the technology of human cloning should be employed
[A] excessively and extravagantly. [B] reasonably and cautiously.
[C] aggressively and indiscriminately. [D] openly and enthusiastically.
23.From the text, we learn that Aldous Huxley is of the opinion that
[A] DNA technology should be placed in the charge of individuals.
[B] government should assume less control over individuals.
[C] people need government to protect their DNA information.
[D] old moral precepts should be abolished on human cloning.
24.Judged from the information in the last paragraph, we can predict that the author is likely to write which of the following in the next section?
[A] The reflection upon biotechnological morality.
[B] The offensive invasion of our personal privacy.
[C] The inevitable change of IQs for our descendants.
[D] The present state of biotechnological research.
25.According to the last paragraph,“dry-ware”is to“wet-ware”as
[A]“collective”to“individual”。 [B]“fictional”to“factual”。
[C]“mechanical”to“corporeal”。 [D]“temporary”to“permanent”。
Part A Text 1
2022考研初復試已經接近尾聲,考研學子全面進入2023屆備考,跨考為23考研的考生準備了10大課包全程準備、全年復習備考計劃、目標院校專業(yè)輔導、全真復試模擬練習和全程針對性指導;2023考研的小伙伴針也已經開始擇校和復習了,跨考考研暢學5.0版本全新升級,無論你在校在家都可以更自如的完成你的考研復習,暑假集訓營帶來了院校專業(yè)初步選擇,明確方向;考研備考全年規(guī)劃,核心知識點入門;個性化制定備考方案,助你贏在起跑線,早出發(fā)一點離成功就更近一點!
考研院校專業(yè)選擇和考研復習計劃 | |||
2023備考學習 | 2023線上線下隨時學習 | 34所自劃線院??佳袕驮嚪謹稻€匯總 | |
2022考研復試最全信息整理 | 全國各招生院??佳袕驮嚪謹稻€匯總 | ||
2023全日制封閉訓練 | 全國各招生院??佳姓{劑信息匯總 | ||
2023考研先知 | 考研考試科目有哪些? | 如何正確看待考研分數線? | |
不同院校相同專業(yè)如何選擇更適合自己的 | 從就業(yè)說考研如何擇專業(yè)? | ||
手把手教你如何選專業(yè)? | 高校研究生教育各學科門類排行榜 |
相關推薦
跨考考研課程
班型 | 定向班型 | 開班時間 | 高定班 | 標準班 | 課程介紹 | 咨詢 |
秋季集訓 | 沖刺班 | 9.10-12.20 | 168000 | 24800起 | 小班面授+專業(yè)課1對1+專業(yè)課定向輔導+協(xié)議加強課程(高定班)+專屬規(guī)劃答疑(高定班)+精細化答疑+復試資源(高定班)+復試課包(高定班)+復試指導(高定班)+復試班主任1v1服務(高定班)+復試面授密訓(高定班)+復試1v1(高定班) | |
2023集訓暢學 | 非定向(政英班/數政英班) | 每月20日 | 22800起(協(xié)議班) | 13800起 | 先行階在線課程+基礎階在線課程+強化階在線課程+真題階在線課程+沖刺階在線課程+專業(yè)課針對性一對一課程+班主任全程督學服務+全程規(guī)劃體系+全程測試體系+全程精細化答疑+擇校擇專業(yè)能力定位體系+全年關鍵環(huán)節(jié)指導體系+初試加強課+初試專屬服務+復試全科標準班服務 |